Western Australian Consolidated Regulations Western Australian Consolidated RegulationsSchedule 1 -- Mass and loading requirements
[Part 3]
Division 1 — Mass limits for heavy vehicles
1 . Mass limit for a single vehicle
The total mass of a vehicle and any
load must not exceed the vehicle’s GVM.
2 . Mass limits for tyres, wheels and axles
(1) The mass on a
wheel or axle must not exceed the limit set by its manufacturer.
(2) The mass on a tyre
must not exceed the greatest load capacity determined for the tyre by the
manufacturer at a cold inflation pressure that does not exceed —
(a) 825
kPa for a radial ply tyre; or
(b) 700
kPa for any other tyre.
(3) The mass on an
axle group or single axle must not exceed the limit provided for it in
Table 1.
(4) The mass limit in
Table 1 that applies to an axle group that includes a retractable axle
must be determined as if the axle did not exist, unless subclause (5)
applies.
(5) A retractable axle
is part of an axle group for the purposes of Table 1 if, when the mass on
the group exceeds —
(a) 6 t,
in the case of a tandem axle group; or
(b) 11
t, in the case of a tri-axle group,
the tyres on the axle
are in contact with the ground and the load-sharing suspension system is
operating on each axle (including the retractable axle) and tyre in the group.
(6) The sum of the
mass on the axle groups and single axles on a vehicle must not
exceed —
(a) in
the case of a complying bus without a trailer —
(i)
if the complying bus has 2
axles — 16.0 t;
(ii)
if the complying bus has a rear tandem axle group fitted
with single tyres on one axle and dual tyres on the other
axle — 20.0 t; and
(iii)
if the complying bus has a rear tandem axle group fitted
with dual tyres on both axles — 22.5 t;
(b) in
the case of a combination consisting of a complying bus and a
trailer — the sum of the mass limit specified for the bus in
paragraph (a) and the mass limits of the axle groups and single axles of
the trailer as provided in Table 1; and
(c) in
any other case — the sum of the mass limits of the axle groups
and single axles as provided in Table 1.
Table 1 — Mass limits for single axles and axle groups
|
Description of single axle or axle group |
Mass limit (t) |
|---|---|
|
Single axles and single axle groups | |
|
Single steer axle on — | |
|
(a) a complying bus
.......................................... |
6.5 |
|
(b) any other motor vehicle
............................... |
6.0 |
|
Single axle or single axle group fitted with single tyres with section width
of — | |
|
(a) less than 375 mm
......................................... |
6.0 |
|
(b) at least 375 mm but less than 450 mm
........ |
6.7 |
|
(c) at least 450 mm
........................................... |
7.0 |
|
Single axle or single axle group fitted with dual tyres on — | |
|
(a) a pig trailer
.................................................. |
9.0 |
|
(b) a complying bus or a bus licensed to carry
standing passengers ..................................... |
|
|
(c) any other vehicle
......................................... |
9.0 |
|
Twinsteer axle groups | |
|
Twinsteer axle group without a load-sharing suspension system
................................................ |
|
|
Twinsteer axle group with a load-sharing suspension system
................................................ |
|
|
Tandem axle groups | |
|
Tandem axle group fitted with single tyres with section width of — | |
|
(a) less than 375 mm
......................................... |
11.0 |
|
(b) at least 375 mm but less than 450 mm
........ |
13.3 |
|
(c) at least 450 mm
........................................... |
14.0 |
|
Tandem axle group fitted with single tyres on one axle and dual tyres on the
other axle on — | |
|
(a) a complying bus
.......................................... |
14.0 |
|
(b) any other vehicle
......................................... |
13.0 |
|
Tandem axle group fitted with dual tyres on — | |
|
(a) a pig trailer
.................................................. |
16.5 |
|
(b) any other vehicle
......................................... |
16.5 |
|
Tri-axle groups | |
|
Tri-axle group on a vehicle fitted with single tyres with section width of
less than 375 mm on all axles, or single tyres on one or 2 axles and dual
tyres on the other axle or axles ............................ |
|
|
Tri-axle group on a pig trailer with either single tyres with section width of
at least 375 mm, dual tyres on all axles, or a combination of those |
|
|
Tri-axle group, on a vehicle other than a pig trailer, with either single
tyres with section width of at least 375 mm, dual tyres, or a combination
of those tyres ............................................................ |
|
|
Quad-axle groups | |
|
Quad-axle group fitted with single tyres with section width of less than
375 mm ....................... |
|
|
Quad-axle group fitted with single tyres with section width of at least
375 mm or dual tyres .... |
|
3 . Mass limits relating to axle spacing
(1) If the total mass of a
vehicle and any load cannot lawfully exceed 42.5 t, the mass limits in
Table 2 must not be exceeded in relation to the distances set out in the
Table that apply to the vehicle.
(2) Each distance in
Table 2 refers to —
(a) the
distance from the centre of any single axle to the centre of any other single
axle;
(b) the
distance from the centre of any single axle to the centre of the furthest axle
in any axle group; or
(c) the
greatest distance between the centres of axles in any axle groups.
Measurement of distances for Table 2
(3) The mass limits in
Table 2 apply to the sum of the mass on each axle group or single axle in
the distance referred to in the Table, including the axles between which the
distance is measured.
(4) The total mass of
a vehicle and any load must not exceed 15 t if the distance between any 2
axles that are not part of the same axle group is less than 2.5 m.
Table 2 — Mass limits relating to axle spacing
|
Distance (m) |
Mass | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
exceeding |
not exceeding | ||
|
0 — |
3.7 .................. |
23.0 | |
|
3.7 — |
3.8 .................. |
23.5 | |
|
3.8 — |
4.0 .................. |
24.0 | |
|
4.0 — |
4.2 .................. |
24.5 | |
|
4.2 — |
4.3 .................. |
25.0 | |
|
4.3 — |
4.5 .................. |
25.5 | |
|
4.5 — |
4.7 .................. |
26.0 | |
|
4.7 — |
4.8 .................. |
26.5 | |
|
4.8 — |
5.0 .................. |
27.0 | |
|
5.0 — |
5.2 .................. |
27.5 | |
|
5.2 — |
5.3 .................. |
28.0 | |
|
5.3 — |
5.5 .................. |
28.5 | |
|
5.5 — |
5.7 .................. |
29.0 | |
|
5.7 — |
5.8 .................. |
29.5 | |
|
5.8 — |
6.0 .................. |
30.0 | |
|
6.0 — |
6.2 .................. |
30.5 | |
|
6.2 — |
6.3 .................. |
31.0 | |
|
6.3 — |
6.5 .................. |
31.5 | |
|
6.5 — |
6.7 .................. |
32.0 | |
|
6.7 — |
6.8 .................. |
32.5 | |
|
6.8 — |
7.0 .................. |
33.0 | |
|
7.0 — |
7.2 .................. |
33.5 | |
|
7.2 — |
7.3 .................. |
34.0 | |
|
7.3 — |
7.5 .................. |
34.5 | |
|
7.5 — |
7.7 .................. |
35.0 | |
|
7.7 — |
7.8 .................. |
35.5 | |
|
7.8 — |
8.0 .................. |
36.0 | |
|
8.0 — |
8.2 .................. |
36.5 | |
|
8.2 — |
8.3 .................. |
37.0 | |
|
8.3 — |
8.5 .................. |
37.5 | |
|
8.5 — |
8.7 .................. |
38.0 | |
|
8.7 — |
8.8 .................. |
38.5 | |
|
8.8 — |
9.0 .................. |
39.0 | |
|
9.0 — |
9.2 .................. |
39.5 | |
|
9.2 — |
9.3 .................. |
40.0 | |
|
9.3 — |
9.5 .................. |
40.5 | |
|
9.5 — |
9.7 .................. |
41.0 | |
|
9.7 — |
9.8 .................. |
41.5 | |
|
9.8 — |
10.0 ................. |
42.0 | |
|
10.0 — |
— .................. |
42.5 | |
4 . Mass limits for combinations
(1) The total mass of a combination,
other than a road train or B-double, and any load, must not exceed
42.5 t.
(2) The loaded mass of
a dog trailer or pig trailer must not exceed the loaded mass of the towing
vehicle.
(3) The total mass of
a combination and any load must not exceed the towing vehicle’s GCM.
(4) If the
manufacturer of a motor vehicle forming part of a road train or B-double has
not determined the GCM of the vehicle, the total mass of the combination and
any load must not exceed the amount, in kilograms, equal to A in the
formula —
where —
K is —
(a)
0.055 if a single drive axle is fitted to the motor vehicle;
(b)
0.053 if a single drive tandem axle group is fitted to the motor vehicle; or
(c)
0.051 if a dual drive tandem axle group is fitted to the motor vehicle;
M is the number of
tyre revolutions per kilometre as specified by the tyre manufacturer for the
tyres fitted to the driving axle or axles;
R is the overall gear
reduction between engine and drive wheels;
T is the maximum
engine net torque in newton-metres.
Division 2 — Mass limits for light vehicles
(1) The total mass of
a vehicle and any load must not exceed the vehicle’s GVM.
(2) Subject to
clause 6(1), the loaded mass of a trailer or other vehicle that is being
towed by a motor vehicle must not exceed —
(a) in
the case of a trailer or vehicle equipped with brakes in accordance with
Part 9 of the Vehicle Standards that is being towed by a motor vehicle
other than a motor bike —1 ½ times the unloaded mass
of the motor vehicle by which it is being towed; or
(b) in a
case to which paragraph (a) does not apply — the unloaded
mass of the motor vehicle by which it is being towed.
[Clause 5 amended in Gazette
3 Jan 2005 p. 8.]
(1) The loaded mass of
a trailer that is being towed by a motor vehicle must not exceed the lesser
of —
(a) the
towing capacity of the towing apparatus fitted to the vehicle, as specified by
the manufacturer of the towing apparatus; or
(b) the
maximum loaded mass of a trailer that may be towed by the vehicle, as
specified by the manufacturer of the vehicle.
(2) If the towing
capacity of the towing apparatus fitted to a motor vehicle is not specified by
the manufacturer of the towing apparatus or otherwise cannot be determined,
the maximum permitted loaded mass referred to in subclause (1)(a) is
taken to be less than the towing capacity of the towing apparatus fitted to
the vehicle.
(3) If the maximum
trailer mass of a motor vehicle is not specified by the manufacturer of the
vehicle or otherwise cannot be determined, the maximum permitted loaded mass
referred to in subclause (1)(b) is taken to be —
(a) if
the trailer is equipped with brakes in accordance with Part 9
Division 3 of the Vehicle Standards — 1.5 times the
unloaded mass of the vehicle; or
(b) if
the trailer is not so equipped — the unloaded mass of the
vehicle.
Division 3 — Size and projection of loads on heavy
vehicles
(1) A vehicle and its
load must not exceed a size limit set for the vehicle in Part 7
Division 2 of the Vehicle Standards.
(2) The distance
measured at right angles between the rear overhang line of a vehicle and the
rear of any load it is carrying must not exceed the rear overhang that the
vehicle is allowed under Part 7 Division 2 of the Vehicle Standards.
Illustration of —
• front projection limit;
• rear
overhang limit from the Vehicle Standards; and
• maximum rear projection
of load allowed without a warning signal.
(3) In spite of
subclauses (1) and (2) —
(a) the
height of a vehicle that is carrying vehicles on more than one deck, and its
load, must not exceed 4.6 m; and
(b) the
distance measured at right angles between the rear overhang line of a trailer
carrying vehicles on more than one deck and the rear of the rearmost vehicle
on the trailer must not exceed 4.9 m.
Maximum allowable dimensions of a loaded car carrier
8 . Front and side projections
A load on a vehicle
must not project more than 1.2 m in front of the vehicle, or more than
150 mm from the outermost part of either side of it.
Vehicle loaded to width limits referred to in clause 7(1),
with maximum
side projection of load allowed under clause 8
(1) The rear of a load
on a vehicle must carry a warning signal if the load —
(a)
projects more than 1.2 m behind the vehicle;
(b)
projects to the rear of the vehicle so that the end of the load cannot be seen
easily from behind; or
(c) is
on a pole-type trailer.
(2) In daytime, the
warning signal must be a brightly coloured flag or piece of material, with
each side at least 300 mm long.
(3) At night-time, the
warning signal must be a light showing a clear red light visible at a distance
of 200 m.
A load on a vehicle must not project in a
way that is dangerous to a person or to property, even if all dimension and
warning requirements are met.
Division 4 — Size and projection of loads on light vehicles
11 . Size and projection of loads
(1) A vehicle and its load must not
exceed a size limit set for the vehicle in Part 7 Division 2 of the
Vehicle Standards.
(1a) In the case of a
vehicle other than a motor bike, the load and equipment on the vehicle must
not project more than —
(a) 1.2
m in front of the vehicle; or
(b) 1.2
m to the rear of the vehicle.
(2) In the case of a
motor bike, the maximum longitudinal projection beyond the outer extremity of
the wheels, of any part of the vehicle, or the load or equipment on the
vehicle, must not exceed —
(a) for
a motor bike only —
(i)
150 mm in the case of the front wheel; and
(ii)
300 mm in the case of the rear wheel;
(b) for
a motor bike with an attached sidecar —
(i)
600 mm in the case of the front wheel; and
(ii)
900 mm in the case of the rear wheel.
(3) In the case of a
vehicle, the load and equipment on the vehicle, other than rear vision mirrors
and approved signalling devices, must not project more than 150 mm beyond the
extreme outer portion of the vehicle on either side.
(4) Where any portion
of the load or equipment on a vehicle projects in such a manner that it would
not be readily visible to any person following immediately behind the vehicle,
the driver of the vehicle must —
(a) mark
the end of the load or equipment, by means of a brightly coloured flag or
piece of material, with each side at least 300 mm long, so that it is
clearly visible to persons in its vicinity; or
(b) at
night-time, fit to the extreme end of the load or equipment a light showing a
clear red light to the rear, visible at a distance of 200 m.
[Clause 11 amended in Gazette
3 Jan 2005 p. 8-9; 13 Dec 2005 p. 5991.]
Division 5 — Placing and securing loads
(1) A load on a
vehicle must not be placed in a way that makes the vehicle unstable or unsafe.
(2) A load on a
vehicle must be secured so that it is unlikely to fall or be dislodged from
the vehicle.
(3) An appropriate
method must be used to restrain the load on a vehicle.
(1) A trailer must be
securely coupled to the vehicle in front of it.
(2) The components of
a coupling used between vehicles must be compatible and properly connected to
each other.
Division 6 — Maximum numbers of omnibus passengers
14 . Maximum passenger numbers
The maximum number of passengers
that an omnibus is permitted to carry is the number calculated in accordance
with Part 15 Division 1 of the Vehicle Standards.
Division 7 — Penalties for failure to comply with mass limits
Table 1 — Aggregate mass limits
[cl. 1, 2(6), 3, 4(1) and 4(3)]
|
Excess mass (%) |
Penalties (PU) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Exceeding |
Not exceeding |
Modified |
Minimum |
Maximum |
|
0 |
11 |
2 |
2 |
10 |
|
11 |
15 |
4 |
4 |
16 |
|
15 |
18 |
6 |
6 |
22 |
|
18 |
21 |
8 |
8 |
28 |
|
21 |
25 |
10 |
10 |
36 |
|
25 |
28 |
12 |
12 |
42 |
|
28 |
31 |
14 |
14 |
48 |
|
31 |
35 |
16 |
16 |
60 |
|
35 |
38 |
18 |
18 |
70 |
|
38 |
41 |
20 |
20 |
78 |
|
41 |
44 | |
22 |
86 |
|
44 |
47 | |
24 |
94 |
|
47 |
50 | |
26 |
102 |
|
50 |
53 | |
28 |
110 |
|
53 |
56 | |
30 |
118 |
|
56 |
59 | |
32 |
120 |
|
59 |
62 | |
34 |
120 |
|
62 |
65 | |
36 |
120 |
|
65 |
68 | |
38 |
120 |
|
68 |
71 | |
40 |
120 |
|
71 |
74 | |
42 |
120 |
|
74 |
77 | |
44 |
120 |
|
77 |
80 | |
46 |
120 |
|
80 | | |
48 |
120 |
[Table 1 amended in Gazette
3 Jan 2005 p. 9.]
Table 2 — Axle group mass limits
[cl. 2(3)]
|
Excess mass (%) |
Penalties (PU) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Exceeding |
Not exceeding |
Modified |
Minimum |
Maximum |
|
0 |
10 |
2 |
2 |
10 |
|
10 |
12 |
4 |
4 |
14 |
|
12 |
14 |
6 |
6 |
18 |
|
14 |
17 |
8 |
8 |
22 |
|
17 |
19 |
10 |
10 |
26 |
|
19 |
22 |
12 |
12 |
30 |
|
22 |
25 |
14 |
14 |
34 |
|
25 |
27 |
16 |
16 |
38 |
|
27 |
30 |
18 |
18 |
42 |
|
30 |
32 |
20 |
20 |
46 |
|
32 |
34 | |
22 |
50 |
|
34 |
36 | |
24 |
54 |
|
36 |
38 | |
26 |
58 |
|
38 |
40 | |
28 |
62 |
|
40 |
42 | |
30 |
66 |
|
42 |
44 | |
32 |
70 |
|
44 |
46 | |
34 |
74 |
|
46 |
48 | |
36 |
78 |
|
48 |
50 | |
38 |
82 |
|
50 |
52 | |
40 |
86 |
|
52 |
54 | |
42 |
90 |
|
54 |
56 | |
44 |
94 |
|
56 |
58 | |
46 |
98 |
|
58 |
60 | |
48 |
102 |
|
60 |
62 | |
48 |
106 |
|
62 |
64 | |
48 |
110 |
|
64 |
66 | |
48 |
114 |
|
66 |
68 | |
48 |
118 |
|
68 | | |
48 |
120 |
Table 3 — Single axle mass limits
[cl. 2(3)]
|
Excess mass (%) |
Penalties (PU) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Exceeding |
Not exceeding |
Modified |
Minimum |
Maximum |
|
0 |
11 |
2 |
2 |
6 |
|
11 |
16 |
4 |
4 |
10 |
|
16 |
21 |
6 |
6 |
14 |
|
21 |
26 |
8 |
8 |
18 |
|
26 |
31 |
10 |
10 |
22 |
|
31 |
36 |
12 |
12 |
26 |
|
36 |
41 |
14 |
14 |
30 |
|
41 |
46 |
16 |
16 |
34 |
|
46 |
51 |
18 |
18 |
38 |
|
51 |
56 |
20 |
20 |
42 |
|
56 |
61 | |
22 |
46 |
|
61 |
66 | |
24 |
50 |
|
66 |
71 | |
26 |
54 |
|
71 |
76 | |
28 |
58 |
|
76 |
81 | |
30 |
62 |
|
81 |
86 | |
32 |
66 |
|
86 |
91 | |
34 |
70 |
|
91 |
96 | |
36 |
74 |
|
96 |
101 | |
38 |
78 |
|
101 |
106 | |
40 |
82 |
|
106 |
111 | |
42 |
86 |
|
111 |
116 | |
44 |
90 |
|
116 |
121 | |
46 |
94 |
|
121 |
126 | |
48 |
98 |
|
126 |
131 | |
48 |
102 |
|
131 |
136 | |
48 |
106 |
|
136 |
141 | |
48 |
110 |
|
141 |
146 | |
48 |
114 |
|
146 |
151 | |
48 |
118 |
|
151 | | |
48 |
120 |