Commonwealth Consolidated Acts Commonwealth Consolidated ActsIn any proceedings, the burden lies on the prosecution to prove that an investigating official had a belief on reasonable grounds as to a matter referred to in this Part.
Act No. 12 of 1914 as amended
This compilation was
prepared on 23 April 2012
taking into account amendments up to Act
No. 24 of 2012
Volume 2 includes: Table of Contents
Sections 23WA- 91
Schedule
Note 1
Table of Acts
Act Notes
Table of Amendments
Notes 2 -5
Table A
The text of any of those amendments not in force
on that date
is appended in the Notes section
The operation of amendments that have been
incorporated may be
affected by application provisions that are set out in
the Notes section
Contents
Part ID--Forensic procedures 1
Division 1--Explanation of expressions used 2
23WA... Definitions .......................................................................................... 2
23WB.... Interview friends ................................................................................. 9
Division 2--Authority and time limits for forensic procedures on suspects: summary of rules 11
23WC.... How forensic procedures may be authorised in different circumstances 11
23WCA. Time limits for carrying out forensic procedures ............................... 11
Division 3--Forensic procedures on suspect by consent 15
23WD... Forensic procedure may be carried out with informed consent of suspect 15
23WE.... People who cannot consent to forensic procedures ........................... 15
23WF.... Informed consent to forensic procedures--general ........................... 16
23WG... Informed consent to forensic procedures--Aboriginal persons and Torres Strait Islanders 16
23WH... Constable may request suspect to consent to forensic procedure ...... 18
23WI..... Matters to be considered by constable before requesting consent to forensic procedure 18
23WJ..... Matters that suspect must be informed of before giving consent ....... 19
23WK.... Withdrawal of consent ...................................................................... 21
23WL.... Recording of giving of information and suspect's responses ............ 21
23WLA. Time for carrying out forensic procedure--suspect not in custody ... 22
Division 4--Non-intimate forensic procedures on suspect by order of senior police officer 23
23WM... Non-intimate forensic procedure may be carried out by order of senior police officer 23
23WN... Circumstances in which senior police officer may order non-intimate forensic procedures 24
23WO... Matters to be considered by senior police officer before ordering forensic procedure 24
23WP.... Record of senior police officer's order .............................................. 25
Division 5--Forensic procedures on suspect by order of a magistrate 26
23WQ... Forensic procedure may be carried out by order of magistrate .......... 26
23WR.... Circumstances in which magistrate may order forensic procedure .... 26
Subdivision B--Final orders 26
23WS.... Final order for carrying out of forensic procedure ............................ 26
23WT.... Matters to be considered by magistrate before ordering forensic procedure 27
23WU... Application for order ......................................................................... 28
23WV... Securing the presence of suspect at hearing--suspect in custody ..... 28
23WW... Securing the presence of suspect at hearing--suspect not in custody 29
23WX... Procedure at hearing of application for order .................................... 30
23WY... Making of order ................................................................................ 31
Subdivision C--Interim orders 31
23XA.... Interim order for carrying out of a forensic procedure ...................... 31
23XB.... Application for interim order ............................................................. 32
23XC.... Procedure at hearing of application for interim order ........................ 33
23XD.... Making of interim order .................................................................... 33
23XE..... Records of application and interim order ........................................... 34
23XF..... Suspect may be prevented from destroying or contaminating evidence 34
23XG.... Results of forensic procedure carried out under interim order ........... 35
Subdivision D--Time limits for forensic procedures ordered by magistrates 35
23XGA. Application ........................................................................................ 35
23XGB. Time for carrying out forensic procedure--suspect not in custody ... 35
23XGC. Arrest of suspect not in custody ........................................................ 36
23XGD. Time for carrying out forensic procedure--suspect in custody ......... 37
Subdivision E--Reports of proceedings under Division 38
23XH.... Restrictions on publication ................................................................ 38
Division 6--Carrying out forensic procedures on suspects 39
Subdivision A--General provisions 39
23XI...... General rules for carrying out forensic procedures ........................... 39
23XIA... No questioning during forensic procedure ........................................ 39
23XIB... Suspect must be cautioned before forensic procedure starts .............. 39
23XJ..... Use of force in carrying out forensic procedures .............................. 40
23XK.... Forensic procedures not to be carried out in cruel, inhuman or degrading manner 40
23XL..... Taking of hair samples ...................................................................... 40
Subdivision B--Persons involved in forensic procedures 40
23XM... Persons who may carry out forensic procedures ............................... 40
Subdivision C--Further provisions about who may carry out forensic procedures 44
23XN.... Certain forensic procedures generally to be carried out by person of same sex as suspect 44
23XO.... Person may get help to carry out forensic procedures ....................... 45
Subdivision D--Presence of other people while forensic procedure is carried out 46
23XP..... Medical practitioner or dentist of suspect's choice may be present for intimate forensic procedures 46
23XQ.... Presence of interview friend or legal representative--children and incapable persons 46
23XR.... Presence of interview friend or legal representative--Aboriginal persons and Torres Strait Islanders 47
23XS..... Presence of constables ...................................................................... 47
23XSA.. Presence of prison officers ................................................................ 48
Subdivision E--Recording of forensic procedure 48
23XT..... Recording of forensic procedure ....................................................... 48
Subdivision F--Procedure after forensic procedure is carried out 49
23XU.... Samples--sufficient material to share ............................................... 49
23XUA. Samples--insufficient material to share ............................................ 50
23XV.... Photographs ...................................................................................... 51
23XW... Results of analysis ............................................................................ 51
23XWA Preventing the carrying out of forensic procedure ............................. 51
Division 6A--Carrying out of certain forensic procedures after conviction of serious and prescribed offenders 52
23XWB. Forensic procedures to which Division applies ................................. 52
23XWC. Non-intimate forensic procedures authorised to be carried out on offenders 52
23XWD Intimate forensic procedures authorised to be carried out on serious offenders 53
23XWE. Application of Division 6 .................................................................. 53
23XWF. Scope of authorisation ....................................................................... 53
23XWG Informed consent to forensic procedures .......................................... 54
23XWH Constable may request offender to consent to forensic procedure ..... 54
23XWI.. Matters to be considered by constable before requesting consent to forensic procedure 55
23XWJ.. Matters that offender must be informed of before giving consent ..... 55
23XWK. Circumstances in which constable may order non-intimate forensic procedure 56
23XWL. Matters to be considered by constable ............................................... 56
23XWM Recording of giving of information and consent ............................... 57
23XWN Record of constable's order .............................................................. 57
23XWNA Circumstances in which judge or magistrate may order forensic procedure 57
23XWO Judge or magistrate order for carrying out forensic procedure on offender 58
23XWOA Securing the presence of offender at hearing--offender in custody 59
23XWOB Securing the presence of offender at hearing--offender not in custody 60
23XWP. Carrying out forensic procedure following conviction ...................... 61
Division 6B--Carrying out of forensic procedures on volunteers and certain other persons 62
23XWQ Carrying out of forensic procedures on volunteers ........................... 62
23XWR. Informed consent of volunteer or parent or guardian of volunteer .... 63
23XWS. Recording of giving of information and consent ............................... 64
23XWT. Withdrawal of consent ...................................................................... 65
23XWU Circumstances in which magistrate may order the carrying out of forensic procedure on a child or incapable person .......................................................................................................... 65
23XWV Retention of forensic material by order of a magistrate after volunteer, parent or guardian of child or incapable person withdraws consent ............................................................................ 67
Division 7--Admissibility of evidence 68
Subdivision A--Forensic evidence 68
23XX.... Inadmissibility of evidence from improper forensic procedures etc. . 68
23XY.... Inadmissibility of evidence where forensic material required to be destroyed 70
Subdivision B--Other evidence 70
23XZ..... Admissibility of evidence relating to consent to forensic procedure .. 70
23YA.... Admissibility of evidence relating to carrying out of forensic procedure 70
23YB.... Obstructing the carrying out of forensic procedure ........................... 71
Division 8--Destruction of forensic material 72
23YC.... Destruction of forensic material where interim order disallowed ...... 72
23YD.... Destruction of forensic material after 12 months ............................... 72
23YDAA Destruction of forensic material taken from offender after conviction quashed 74
23YDAB Destruction of forensic material where related evidence is inadmissible 74
Division 8A--Commonwealth and State/Territory DNA database systems 75
23YDAC Definitions ...................................................................................... 75
23YDACA Integration of Commonwealth DNA database system and State/Territory DNA database systems 78
23YDAD Supply of forensic material for purposes of DNA database ........... 78
23YDAE Use of information on Commonwealth DNA database system or NCIDD 80
23YDAF Permissible matching of DNA profiles ........................................... 81
23YDAG Recording, retention and removal of identifying information on Commonwealth DNA database system 82
Division 9--General provisions relating to operation of this Part 85
23YDA. Interpreters ........................................................................................ 85
23YE..... Powers etc. of legal representatives and interview friends ................ 86
23YF..... Obligation of investigating constables relating to tape recordings ..... 86
23YG.... Material required to be made available to suspect, offender or volunteer 87
23YH.... No charge to be made for giving material etc. to suspects, offenders and volunteers 88
23YI...... Proof of belief or suspicion ............................................................... 88
23YJ..... Proof of impracticability .................................................................... 88
23YJA.. Proof that time should be disregarded ............................................... 88
23YK.... Proof of voluntary waiver of certain rights ....................................... 88
23YL..... Liability for forensic procedures ....................................................... 89
23YM... Experts not obliged to carry out forensic procedures ........................ 89
23YN.... Retention of electronic recordings ..................................................... 89
23YO.... Disclosure of information ................................................................. 90
23YP..... Taking, retention and use of forensic material ................................... 92
23YPA.. Analysis of forensic material ............................................................. 92
23YQ.... Commissioner may delegate functions and powers ........................... 92
Division 10--Operation of this Part and effect on other laws 94
23YQA. Part does not apply to persons under 10 ........................................... 94
23YR.... Relationship with Part IAA ............................................................... 94
23YS..... Relationship with Part IC .................................................................. 94
23YU.... Application of other laws .................................................................. 94
Division 11--Interjurisdictional enforcement 96
23YUA. Definitions ........................................................................................ 96
23YUB. Registration of orders ........................................................................ 96
23YUC. Carrying out of registered orders ...................................................... 97
23YUD. Database information ........................................................................ 97
23YUDA Arrangements with prisons or other places of detention ................ 99
Division 11A--Operation of this Part in relation to certain incidents 100
23YUE.. Definitions ...................................................................................... 100
23YUF.. Application of this Division ............................................................ 100
23YUG. Use of information on DNA database systems ............................... 101
23YUH. Permissible matching of DNA profiles ........................................... 102
23YUI... Disclosure of information ............................................................... 102
23YUJ.. This Division does not restrict operation of this Part ...................... 103
23YUK. Review of operation of this Division .............................................. 103
Division 11B--Concurrent operation of State and Territory laws 105
23YUL.. Concurrent operation of State and Territory laws ............................ 105
Division 12--Review of operation of Part 106
23YV.... Review of operation of Part ............................................................ 106
Part IE--Forfeiture of child pornography material and child abuse material 108
Division 1--Things this Part applies to 108
23ZA..... Application ...................................................................................... 108
Division 2--Forfeiture by operation of law after notice is given 109
23ZB..... Forfeiture of material by operation of law ....................................... 109
23ZC..... Providing copies of innocuous parts of material to be
forfeited
...........................................................................................
111
Division 3--Forfeiture by court order on application 112
23ZD..... Forfeiture of material by court order on application ........................ 112
Division 4--Provisions relating to forfeiture under this Part generally 114
23ZE..... Effect of forfeiture under this Part ................................................... 114
23ZF..... Compensation for forfeiture of electronic equipment etc. ................ 114
23ZG..... Delegation by head of police force .................................................. 115
Part II--Offences against the Government 116
24AA.... Treachery ........................................................................................ 116
24AB.... Sabotage .......................................................................................... 117
24AC.... Institution of prosecutions ............................................................... 118
24F........ Certain acts done in good faith not unlawful ................................... 119
25.......... Inciting mutiny ................................................................................ 120
26.......... Assisting prisoners of war to escape ............................................... 121
27.......... Unlawful drilling ............................................................................. 121
28.......... Interfering with political liberty ....................................................... 122
29.......... Destroying or damaging Commonwealth property ......................... 122
Part IIA--Protection of public and other services 123
30J........ Industrial disturbances, lock-outs and strikes .................................. 123
30K....... Obstructing or hindering the performance of services ..................... 124
Part III--Offences relating to the administration of justice 125
31.......... Judicial proceeding and tribunal definitions .................................... 125
Division 2--Judges and magistrates 126
34.......... Judge or magistrate acting oppressively or when interested ............ 126
Division 3--Evidence and witnesses 128
35.......... Giving false testimony .................................................................... 128
36.......... Fabricating evidence ........................................................................ 128
36A....... Intimidation of witnesses etc. .......................................................... 129
37.......... Corruption of witnesses .................................................................. 129
38.......... Deceiving witnesses ........................................................................ 130
39.......... Destroying evidence ........................................................................ 131
40.......... Preventing witnesses from attending Court ..................................... 131
Division 4--Perverting the course of justice 133
41.......... Conspiracy to bring false accusation ............................................... 133
42.......... Conspiracy to defeat justice ............................................................. 134
43.......... Attempting to pervert justice ........................................................... 135
44.......... Compounding offences ................................................................... 136
45.......... Inserting advertisements without authority of court ........................ 136
Division 5--Escape from criminal detention 138
45A....... Criminal detention definitions ......................................................... 138
46.......... Aiding prisoner to escape ................................................................ 138
46A....... Aiding prisoner to escape--conveying thing into prison etc. .......... 139
47.......... Escaping .......................................................................................... 139
47A....... Rescuing a prisoner from criminal detention ................................... 140
47B....... Person unlawfully at large ............................................................... 140
47C....... Permitting escape ............................................................................ 141
48.......... Harbouring etc. an escapee .............................................................. 141
48A....... Sentence ceases to run while escaped prisoner at large ................... 141
Division 6--Seized property 143
49.......... Removing property under seizure ................................................... 143
51.......... Interpretation ................................................................................... 144
52.......... Piracy .............................................................................................. 145
53.......... Operating a pirate-controlled ship or aircraft ................................... 145
54.......... Seizure of pirate ships and aircraft etc. ............................................ 145
55.......... Written consent of Attorney-General required ................................ 146
56.......... Evidence of certain matters .............................................................. 147
Part VI--Offences by and against public officers 148
70.......... Disclosure of information by Commonwealth officers ................... 148
Part VII--Official secrets and unlawful soundings 149
77.......... Interpretation ................................................................................... 149
79.......... Official secrets ................................................................................ 150
80.......... Prohibited places ............................................................................. 154
83.......... Unlawful soundings ........................................................................ 155
85.......... Institution of prosecution ................................................................ 156
85B....... Hearing in camera etc. ..................................................................... 156
85D....... Forfeiture of articles etc. .................................................................. 157
Part VIIA--Offences relating to postal services 158
85E........ Interpretation--definitions .............................................................. 158
85F........ Interpretation--expressions used in Australian Postal Corporation Act .. 159
85G....... Forgery of postage stamps etc. ........................................................ 159
85H....... Special paper for postage stamps .................................................... 160
85N....... Wrongful delivery of postal article etc. ............................................ 161
85Q....... Forgery of postal messages etc. ...................................................... 161
85R....... Wrongful delivery of postal messages ............................................ 161
85T........ Sending false postal messages ........................................................ 161
85U....... Obstructing carriage of articles by post ........................................... 162
85V....... Interference with property of Australia Post ................................... 162
85W...... Causing controlled drugs or controlled plants to be carried by post 163
85Z........ Articles carried by post to be taken to be Australia Post's property 165
85ZA..... Postage stamps to be valuable securities etc. ................................... 165
Part VIIC--Pardons, quashed convictions and spent convictions 166
Division 1--Interpretation and application of Part 166
85ZL..... Interpretation of Part ....................................................................... 166
85ZM.... Meaning of conviction and spent conviction ................................... 170
85ZN..... Meaning of quash ........................................................................... 171
85ZP..... Application of Part .......................................................................... 171
85ZQ..... Part binds the Crown ...................................................................... 171
Division 2--Pardons for persons wrongly convicted, and quashed convictions 172
85ZR..... Pardons for persons wrongly convicted .......................................... 172
85ZS..... Effect of pardons for persons wrongly convicted ........................... 172
85ZT..... Quashed convictions ....................................................................... 173
85ZU..... Effect of quashed convictions ......................................................... 174
Division 3--Spent convictions 175
85ZV..... Spent convictions ............................................................................ 175
85ZW.... Effect of right of non-disclosure ..................................................... 176
Division 4--Convictions of further offences 177
85ZX..... Convictions of further Commonwealth or Territory offences ......... 177
85ZY..... Convictions of further State or foreign offences ............................. 177
Division 5--Complaints to Information Commissioner 179
85ZZ..... Information Commissioner's functions ........................................... 179
85ZZA.. Complaints to the Information Commissioner ................................. 180
85ZZB... Identity of respondent to complaint ................................................. 180
85ZZC... Investigation of complaints ............................................................. 180
85ZZD.. Determinations of Information Commissioner ................................ 181
85ZZE... Payment of compensation or expenses ............................................ 182
85ZZF... Enforcement of determination or recommendation .......................... 183
85ZZG.. Application of Privacy Act .............................................................. 183
Subdivision A--Exclusions (Divisions 2 and 3) 184
85ZZGA Object of Subdivision .................................................................... 184
85ZZGB Exclusion: disclosing information to a person or body ................... 184
85ZZGC Exclusion: person or body taking information into account ............ 184
85ZZGD Exclusion: person or body disclosing information ........................ 185
85ZZGE Prescribed persons and bodies ........................................................ 185
85ZZGF Definitions ...................................................................................... 185
85ZZGG Reviews of operation of this Subdivision ...................................... 186
Subdivision B--Exclusions (Division 3) 186
85ZZH.. Exclusions ....................................................................................... 186
85ZZJ.... Further exclusions--law enforcement agencies .............................. 188
Subdivision C--Other matters 188
85ZZK... Fair reporting: pardons and quashed convictions ............................ 188
85ZZL... Criminal proceedings before the Federal Court of Australia ........... 188
87.......... False certificates .............................................................................. 190
89.......... Trespassing on Commonwealth land .............................................. 190
89A....... Discharging firearms on or over Commonwealth land .................... 191
90.......... Trespass by cattle or live stock ........................................................ 192
90A....... Destroying etc. posters etc. relating to Commonwealth loans ......... 192
90B....... False statements in documents filed etc. under laws of a Territory .. 192
91.......... Regulations ..................................................................................... 192
Schedule--Form of explanation under section 23V 193
Simplified outline of operation of Part This Part provides
for forensic procedures to be carried out on: •
suspects in relation to indictable offences
(Divisions 3, 4 and 5); and •
offenders in relation to prescribed and serious offences (Division 6A);
and • volunteers (Division 6B). If
the carrying out of a forensic procedure is authorised under this Part, it
must be carried out in accordance with rules and procedures set out in
Division 6. If a forensic procedure covered by this Part is carried out
without proper authority under this Part, evidence obtained through the
procedure may be inadmissible in proceedings against the suspect
(Division 7). This Part also: •
contains offences in relation to the Commonwealth DNA database system and the
National Criminal Investigation DNA Database ( NCIDD ) (Division 8A); and
• provides for the whole or a part of
the Commonwealth DNA database system to be integrated with the whole or a part
of one or more State/Territory DNA database systems to form part of NCIDD
(Division 8A); and • provides for
the exchange of information in the Commonwealth DNA database system or a
State/Territory DNA database system and the protection of the information that
is exchanged (Division 11); and •
provides for the destruction of forensic material (Division 8).