LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - TABLE OF PROVISIONS PART 1--PRELIMINARY 1. Name of Act 2. Dictionary 3. Notes 3A. Offences against Act--application of Criminal Code etc 3B. Application of Act to corrections management 3C. Application of Act to detention places PART 2--OFFENCES 4. Use of listening devices 5. Communication and publication of records of private conversations by 6. Communication and publication of unlawfully recorded private 7. Possession of records of unlawfully recorded private conversations 8. Manufacture, supply and possession of listening devices PART 3--EVIDENCE 9. Interpretation for pt 3 10. Admissibility of evidence obtained using listening devices 11. Acts and omissions of representatives PART 4--ENFORCEMENT 12. Forfeiture of listening devices PART 5--MISCELLANEOUS 14. Exemptions 15. Regulation-making power DICTIONARY ENDNOTES LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - LONG TITLE An Act to regulate the use of listening devices for the purpose of listening to or recording private conversations, and for related purposes LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 1 Name of Act This Act is the Listening Devices Act 1992. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 2 Dictionary The dictionary at the end of this Act is part of this Act. Note 1 The dictionary at the end of this Act defines certain terms used in this Act, and includes references ("signpost definitions") to other terms defined elsewhere. For example, the signpost definition 'engage in conduct--see the Criminal Code, section 13.' means that the term 'engage in conduct' is defined in that section and the definition applies to this Act. Note 2 A definition in the dictionary (including a signpost definition) applies to the entire Act unless the definition, or another provision of the Act, provides otherwise or the contrary intention otherwise appears (see Legislation Act, s 155 and s 156 (1)). LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 3 Notes A note included in this Act is explanatory and is not part of this Act. Note See the Legislation Act, s 127 (1), (4) and (5) for the legal status of notes. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 3A Offences against Act--application of Criminal Code etc Other legislation applies in relation to offences against this Act. Note 1 Criminal Code The Criminal Code, ch 2 applies to all offences against this Act (see Code, pt 2.1). The chapter sets out the general principles of criminal responsibility (including burdens of proof and general defences), and defines terms used for offences to which the Code applies (eg "conduct", "intention", recklessness and strict liability). Note 2 Penalty units The Legislation Act, s 133 deals with the meaning of offence penalties that are expressed in penalty units. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 3B Application of Act to corrections management (1) This section applies in relation to an electronic communication, other than a protected electronic communication, between a detainee in a correctional centre and someone else. (2) This Act does not apply to any of the following under the Corrections Management Act 2007: (a) the listening to or recording of the communication; (b) the communication or publication of the communication. (3) In this section: "detainee"--see the Corrections Management Act 2007, section 6. "electronic communication"--see the Corrections Management Act 2007, section 103 (Monitoring telephone calls etc). "protected electronic communication"--see the Corrections Management Act 2007, section 103 (Monitoring telephone calls etc). LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 3C Application of Act to detention places (1) This section applies in relation to an electronic communication, other than a protected electronic communication, between a young detainee in a detention place and someone else. (2) This Act does not apply to any of the following under the Children and Young People Act 2008: (a) the listening to or recording of the communication; (b) the communication or publication of the communication. (3) In this section: "electronic communication"--see the Children and Young People Act 2008, section 200 (Monitoring telephone calls etc). "protected electronic communication"--see the Children and Young People Act 2008, section 200 (Monitoring telephone calls etc). "young detainee"--see the Children and Young People Act 2008, section 95. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 4 Use of listening devices (1) A person must not use a listening device with the intention of-- (a) listening to or recording a private conversation to which the person is not a party; or (b) recording a private conversation to which the person is a party. Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to-- (a) the use of a listening device under an authority granted by or under a law of the Commonwealth; or (b) the unintentional hearing of a private conversation by means of a listening device. (3) Subsection (1) (b) does not apply to the use of a listening device by, or on behalf of, a party to a private conversation if-- (a) each principal party to the conversation consents to that use of the listening device; or (b) a principal party to the conversation consents to the listening device being so used, and-- (i) the recording of the conversation is considered by that principal party, on reasonable grounds, to be necessary for the protection of that principal party's lawful interests; or (ii) the recording is not made for the purpose of communicating or publishing the conversation, or a report of the conversation, to any person who is not a party to the conversation. (4) Subsection (3) (b) (i) does not apply so as to exempt a person from the application of subsection (1) if the relevant listening device is used by or on behalf of the Territory. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 5 Communication and publication of records of private conversations by parties (1) A person who is party to a private conversation commits an offence if-- (a) the person divulges or communicates a record of the conversation; and (b) the person knows that the record was made, directly or indirectly, using a listening device (whether or not in contravention of section 4). Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the communication or publication-- (a) is made to another party to the conversation; or (b) is made with the consent of each principal party to the conversation; or (c) is made in the course of civil or criminal proceedings; or (d) is considered by the party making it, on reasonable grounds, to be necessary for the protection of that party's lawful interests; or (e) is made to a person who is believed by the party on reasonable grounds to have such an interest in the conversation as to make the communication or publication reasonable in the circumstances; or (f) is made under an authority granted by or under a law of the Commonwealth. (3) Subsection (2) (d) does not apply so as to exempt a person from the application of subsection (1) if the relevant record of conversation is made, directly or indirectly, by the use of a listening device by or on behalf of the Territory. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 6 Communication and publication of unlawfully recorded private conversations (1) A person commits an offence if-- (a) the person divulges or communicates a private conversation, or a report of a private conversation; and (b) the person knows of the conversation, directly or indirectly, because of the use of a listening device-- (i) in contravention of section 4; or (ii) in circumstances mentioned in section 4 (2) (b) or (3). Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply-- (a) if the communication or publication is made-- (i) to a party to the private conversation; or (ii) with the consent of each principal party to the conversation; or (iii) in the course of proceedings for an offence against this Act; or (iv) in the case of the use of a listening device in the circumstances referred to in section 4 (3) (b) (i)--in the course of reasonable action taken to protect the lawful interests of the principal party to the conversation who consented to the use of the device; or (b) if the person referred to in subsection (1) also obtains knowledge of the private conversation or report in circumstances other than those referred to in that subsection. (3) Subsection (2) (a) (iv) does not apply so as to exempt a person from the application of subsection (1) if the relevant listening device is used by or on behalf of the Territory. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 7 Possession of records of unlawfully recorded private conversations (1) A person commits an offence if-- (a) the person possesses a record of a private conversation; and (b) the person knows the record was obtained, directly or indirectly, using a listening device in contravention of section 4. Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the record is in the possession of the person-- (a) in connection with proceedings for an offence against this Act; or (b) with the consent of each principal party to the conversation; or (c) as a consequence of a communication or publication of the record to that person in circumstances that do not constitute an offence against this Act. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 8 Manufacture, supply and possession of listening devices A person commits an offence if-- (a) the person-- (i) manufactures a listening device; or (ii) supplies, sells or distributes a listening device; or (iii) offers to supply, sell or distribute a listening device; or (iv) possesses a listening device; and (b) the person knows the device is intended or mainly designed for use in contravention of section 4. Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 9 Interpretation for pt 3 In this part, a reference to the giving of evidence of a private conversation includes a reference to the production of a record of the conversation. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 10 Admissibility of evidence obtained using listening devices (1) If a private conversation, or a report of a private conversation, has come to the knowledge of a person as a result (direct or indirect) of the use of a listening device in contravention of section 4, or as a result (direct or indirect) of the use of a listening device in circumstances referred to in section 4 (2) (b) or 4 (3)-- (a) evidence of the conversation; or (b) evidence obtained as a direct consequence of the conversation so coming to the knowledge of that person; may not be given by that person in any civil or criminal proceedings. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply-- (a) if each principal party to the conversation consents to the evidence being given; or (b) in proceedings for an offence against this Act; or (c) if the listening device was used in the circumstances referred to in section 4 (3) (b) (i)--so as to render any evidence inadmissible for the purpose of protecting the lawful interests of the principal party to the conversation who consented to the use of the device; or (d) in proceedings for a defined offence if, subject to subsection (4), a court considers that the evidence should be admitted; or (e) if the person referred to in subsection (1) also obtains knowledge of the conversation or report in circumstances other than those referred to in that subsection. (3) Subsection (2) (c) does not apply so as to render admissible evidence that has been obtained, directly or indirectly, by the use of a listening device by or on behalf of the Territory. (4) In determining whether to admit evidence referred to in subsection (1) in proceedings for a defined offence, the court shall-- (a) be guided by the public interest, including (if relevant) the public interest in-- (i) upholding the law; and (ii) protecting people from illegal or unfair treatment; and (iii) punishing those guilty of offences; and (b) have regard to all relevant matters, including-- (i) the seriousness of the offence in relation to which the evidence is sought to be admitted; and (ii) the nature of the relevant contravention of section 4, or of the relevant circumstances referred to in section 4 (2) (b) or 4 (3). (5) A court before which evidence referred to in subsection (1) is admitted in proceedings for an offence against this Act, or proceedings for a defined offence, may, at any stage of the proceedings, and from time to time, make an order forbidding the publication of-- (a) any such evidence; or (b) any report of any such evidence; or (c) any report of the substance, meaning or purport of any such evidence. (6) A person must not engage in conduct that contravenes an order under subsection (5). Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 11 Acts and omissions of representatives (1) In this section: "person" means an individual. Note See the Criminal Code, pt 2.5 for provisions about corporate criminal responsibility. "representative", of a person, means an employee or agent of the person. "state of mind", of a person, includes-- (a) the person's knowledge, intention, opinion, belief or purpose; and (b) the person's reasons for the intention, opinion, belief or purpose. (2) This section applies to a prosecution for any offence against this Act. (3) If it is relevant to prove a person's state of mind about an act or omission, it is enough to show-- (a) the act was done or omission made by a representative of the person within the scope of the representative's actual or apparent authority; and (b) the representative had the state of mind. (4) An act done or omitted to be done on behalf of a person by a representative of the person within the scope of the representative's actual or apparent authority is also taken to have been done or omitted to be done by the person. (5) However, subsection (4) does not apply if the person establishes that reasonable precautions were taken and appropriate diligence was exercised to avoid the act or omission. (6) A person who is convicted of an offence cannot be punished by imprisonment for the offence if the person would not have been convicted of the offence without subsection (3) or (4). LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 12 Forfeiture of listening devices (1) If a court has convicted a person of an offence against this Act, it may, in addition to any penalty it may impose, order-- (a) that any listening device used in connection with the offence be forfeited to the Territory or destroyed; and (b) that any record of a private conversation-- (i) to which the offence relates; or (ii) that was obtained, directly or indirectly, by the use of a listening device in connection with the offence; be forfeited to the Territory or destroyed. (2) Before making an order under subsection (1), the court may require notice to be given to, and may hear, the persons that the court thinks fit. (3) Without affecting any other right of appeal, an order under subsection (1) is appellable in the same manner as if it were, or were part of, a sentence imposed in respect of the offence. (4) If an order is made under subsection (1) in relation to a listening device or record, a police officer may seize the device or record for the purpose of giving effect to the order. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 14 Exemptions (1) The regulations may exempt a person from the operation of this Act, or specified provisions of this Act, subject to the conditions that are prescribed by the regulations. (2) Subject to any disallowance under the Legislation Act 2001, chapter 7 (Presentation, amendment and disallowance of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments), a regulation providing for an exemption commences-- (a) on the day after the 6th sitting day after the day it is presented to the Legislative Assembly under that chapter; or (b) if the regulations provide for a later date or time of commencement--on that date or at that time. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - SECT 15 Regulation-making power (1) The Executive may make regulations for this Act. Note Regulations must be notified, and presented to the Legislative Assembly, under the Legislation Act 2001. (2) The regulations may prescribe offences for contraventions of the regulations and prescribe maximum penalties of not more than 10 penalty units for offences against the regulations. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - NOTES Dictionary Dictionary (see s 2) Note 1 The Legislation Act contains definitions and other provisions relevant to this Act. Note 2 For example, the Legislation Act, dict, pt 1, defines the following terms: o Commonwealth o contravene o disallowable instrument (see s 9) o Executive o individual o penalty unit (see s 133) o person o the Territory. "consent" includes implied consent. "defined offence" means-- (a) an offence against a Territory law (other than the common law) punishable by life imprisonment or for 10 years or more; or (b) an offence against any of the following provisions of the Criminal Code: (i) section 603 (8) (which is about trafficking in cannabis); (ii) section 610 (5) (Selling controlled precursor for manufacture of controlled drug); (iii) section 611 (9) or (10) (Manufacturing controlled precursor for manufacture of controlled drug); (iv) section 613 (Supplying substance, equipment or instructions for manufacturing controlled drug); (v) section 620 (Supplying plant material, equipment or instructions for cultivating controlled plant); (vi) section 625 (4) (Supplying controlled drug to child); (vii) section 640 (Receiving property directly derived from drug offence); or (c) an offence against the Medicines, Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Act 2008, section 26 (Supplying declared substances) in relation to a controlled medicine, or prohibited substance, within the meaning of that Act. "engage in conduct"--see the Criminal Code, section 13. "evidence"--giving of evidence of a private conversation, for part 3 (Evidence)--see section 9. "hearing aid" means a device used by a person with impaired hearing to overcome the impairment and to permit the person to hear sounds ordinarily audible to the human ear, but no other sounds. "listen to" includes hear. "listening device" means any instrument, apparatus, equipment or device capable of being used to listen to or to record a private conversation, but does not include a hearing aid. "party", in relation to a private conversation, means-- (a) a person who speaks, or is spoken to, in the course of the conversation; or (b) a person who, with the consent of any of the persons who speaks or is spoken to in the course of the conversation, listens to or records the conversation. "principal party", in relation to a private conversation, means a person who speaks, or is spoken to, in the course of the conversation. "private conversation" means a conversation between persons in circumstances that may reasonably be taken to indicate that any of the principal parties desires the conversation to be listened to only-- (a) by themselves; or (b) by themselves and by some other person with the consent of each principal party to the conversation. "record", in relation to a private conversation, includes a statement prepared from such a record. "report", in relation to a private conversation, includes a report of the substance, meaning or purport of the conversation. LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - NOTES Endnotes Endnotes 1 About the endnotes Amending and modifying laws are annotated in the legislation history and the amendment history. Current modifications are not included in the republished law but are set out in the endnotes. Not all editorial amendments made under the Legislation Act 2001, part 11.3 are annotated in the amendment history. Full details of any amendments can be obtained from the Parliamentary Counsel's Office. Uncommenced amending laws and expiries are listed in the legislation history and the amendment history. These details are underlined. Uncommenced provisions and amendments are not included in the republished law but are set out in the last endnote. If all the provisions of the law have been renumbered, a table of renumbered provisions gives details of previous and current numbering. The endnotes also include a table of earlier republications. 2 Abbreviation key am = amended ord = ordinance amdt = amendment orig = original ch = chapter par = paragraph/subparagraph def = definition pres = present dict = dictionary prev = previous disallowed = disallowed by the Legislative (prev...) = previously Assembly pt = part div = division r = rule/subrule exp = expires/expired renum = renumbered Gaz = gazette reloc = relocated hdg = heading R[X] = Republication No IA = Interpretation Act 1967 RI = reissue ins = inserted/added s = section/subsection LA = Legislation Act 2001 sch = schedule LR = legislation register sdiv = subdivision LRA = Legislation (Republication) Act 1996 sub = substituted mod = modified/modification SL = Subordinate Law o = order underlining = whole or part not commenced om = omitted/repealed or to be expired 3 Legislation history After 11 May 1989 and before 10 November 1999, Acts commenced on their notification day unless otherwise stated (see Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988 (Cwlth) s 25). Listening Devices Act 1992 No 57 notified 25 September 1992 (Gaz 1992 No S162) commenced 25 September 1992 as amended by Acts Revision (Position of Crown) Act 1993 No 44 sch 2 notified 27 August 1993 (Gaz 1993 No S165) commenced 27 August 1993 (s 2) Statute Law Revision (Penalties) Act 1994 No 81 sch notified 29 November 1994 (Gaz 1994 No S253) s 1, s 2 commenced 29 November 1994 (s 2 (1)) sch commenced 29 November 1994 (s 2 (2) and Gaz 1994 No S269) Statute Law Revision (Penalties) Act 1998 No 54 sch notified 27 November 1998 (Gaz 1998 No S207) s 1, s 2 commenced 27 November 1998 (s 2 (1)) sch commenced 9 December 1998 (s 2 (2) and Gaz 1998 No 49) Statute Law Amendment Act 2000 No 80 amdt 3.15 notified 21 December 2000 (Gaz 2000 No S69) commenced 21 December 2000 (s 2) Legislation (Consequential Amendments) Act 2001 No 44 pt 226 notified 26 July 2001 (Gaz 2001 No 30) s 1, s 2 commenced 26 July 2001 (IA s 10B) pt 226 commenced 12 September 2001 (s 2 and see Gaz 2001 No S65) Criminal Code (Theft, Fraud, Bribery and Related Offences) Amendment Act 2004 A2004-14 sch 1 pt 1.30 notified LR 26 March 2004 s 1, s 2 commenced 26 March 2004 (LA s 75 (1)) sch 1 pt 1.30 commenced 9 April 2004 (s 2 (1)) Criminal Code (Serious Drug Offences) Amendment Act 2004 A2004-56 sch 1 pt 1.4 notified LR 6 September 2004s 1, s 2 commenced 6 September 2004 (LA s 75 (1))sch 1 pt 1.4 commenced 6 March 2005 (s 2 and LA s 79) Criminal Code Harmonisation Act 2005 A2005-54 sch 1 pt 1.29 notified LR 27 October 2005 s 1, s 2 commenced 27 October 2005 (LA s 75 (1)) sch 1 pt 1.29 commenced 24 November 2005 (s 2) Statute Law Amendment Act 2007 A2007-3 sch 3 pt 3.62 notified LR 22 March 2007 s 1, s 2 taken to have commenced 1 July 2006 (LA s 75 (2)) sch 3 pt 3.62 commenced 12 April 2007 (s 2 (1)) Corrections Management Act 2007 A2007-15 sch 1 pt 1.5 notified LR 18 June 2007 s 1, s 2 commenced 18 June 2007 (LA s 75 (1)) sch 1 pt 1.5 commenced 18 December 2007 (s 2 and LA s 79) Children and Young People (Consequential Amendments) Act 2008 A2008-20 sch 2 pt 2.12 notified LR 17 July 2008 s 1, s 2 commenced 17 July 2008 (LA s 75 (1)) s 3 commenced 18 July 2008 (s 2 (1)) sch 2 pt 2.12 commenced 9 September 2008 (s 2 (3) and see Children and Young People Act 2008 A2008-19, s 2 and CN2008-13) Medicines, Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Act 2008 A2008-26 sch 2 pt 2.18 notified LR 14 August 2008 s 1, s 2 commenced 14 August 2008 (LA s 75 (1)) sch 2 pt 2.18 commenced 14 February 2009 (s 2 and LA s 79) 4 Amendment history Name of Acts 1 sub A2007-3 amdt 3.345 Dictionarys 2 am 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2669 defs reloc to dict A2007-3 amdt 3.347 sub A2007-3 amdt 3.348 def engage in conduct ins A2005-54 amdt 1.208 om A2007-3 amdt 3.346 def this Act om 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2668 Notess 3 om 1993 No 44 sch 2 ins A2005-54 amdt 1.209 Offences against Act--application of Criminal Code etcs 3A ins A2005-54 amdt 1.209 Application of Act to corrections managements 3B ins A2007-15 amdt 1.26 Application of Act to detention placess 3C ins A2008-20 amdt 2.23 Use of listening devicess 4 am 1994 No 81 sch; A2005-54 amdt 1.210 Communication and publication of records of private conversations by partiess 5 am 1994 No 81 sch; A2005-54 amdt 1.211 Communication and publication of unlawfully recorded private conversationss 6 am 1994 No 81 sch; A2005-54 amdt 1.212 Possession of records of unlawfully recorded private conversationss 7 am 1994 No 81 sch; A2005-54 amdt 1.213 Manufacture, supply and possession of listening devicess 8 am 1994 No 81 sch sub A2005-54 amdt 1.214 Admissibility of evidence obtained using listening devicess 10 am 1994 No 81 sch; A2005-54 amdt 1.215 Acts and omissions of representativess 11 sub A2004-15 amdt 1.34 Corporations--penaltiess 13 om 1998 No 54 sch Exemptionss 14 am 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2670 Regulation-making powers 15 am 1998 No 54 sch sub 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2671 Dictionarydict ins A2007-3 amdt 3.349 def consent reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def defined offence am 2000 No 80 amdt 3.15; A2004-56 amdt 1.49 reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 am A2008-26 amdt 2.124 def engage in conduct ins A2007-3 amdt 3.349 def evidence ins A2007-3 amdt 3.349 def hearing aid reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def listen to reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def listening device reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def party reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def principal party reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def private conversation reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def record reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 def report reloc from s 2 A2007-3 amdt 3.347 5 Earlier republications Some earlier republications were not numbered. The number in column 1 refers to the publication order. Since 12 September 2001 every authorised republication has been published in electronic pdf format on the ACT legislation register. A selection of authorised republications have also been published in printed format. These republications are marked with an asterisk (*) in column 1. Electronic and printed versions of an authorised republication are identical. Republication No Amendments to Republication date 1 Act 1994 No 81 28 February 1995 2 A2001-44 26 March 2002 3 A2004-15 9 April 2004 4 A2004-56 6 March 2005 5 A2005-54 24 November 2005 6 A2007-3 12 April 2007 7 A2007-15 18 December 2007 8 A2008-26 9 September 2008 (c) Australian Capital Territory 2009 LISTENING DEVICES ACT 1992 - NOTES Australian Capital Territory A1992-57 Republication No 9 Effective: 14 February 2009 Republication date: 14 February 2009 Last amendment made by A2008-26Unauthorised version prepared by ACT Parliamentary Counsel's Office About this republication The republished law This is a republication of the Listening Devices Act 1992 (including any amendment made under the Legislation Act 2001, part 11.3 (Editorial changes)) as in force on 14 February 2009 . It also includes any amendment, repeal or expiry affecting the republished law to 14 February 2009 . The legislation history and amendment history of the republished law are set out in endnotes 3 and 4. Kinds of republications The Parliamentary Counsel's Office prepares 2 kinds of republications of ACT laws (see the ACT legislation register at www.legislation.act.gov.au): o authorised republications to which the Legislation Act 2001 applies o unauthorised republications. The status of this republication appears on the bottom of each page. Editorial changes The Legislation Act 2001, part 11.3 authorises the Parliamentary Counsel to make editorial amendments and other changes of a formal nature when preparing a law for republication. Editorial changes do not change the effect of the law, but have effect as if they had been made by an Act commencing on the republication date (see Legislation Act 2001, s 115 and s 117). The changes are made if the Parliamentary Counsel considers they are desirable to bring the law into line, or more closely into line, with current legislative drafting practice. This republication does not include amendments made under part 11.3 (see endnote 1). Uncommenced provisions and amendments If a provision of the republished law has not commenced or is affected by an uncommenced amendment, the symbol U appears immediately before the provision heading. The text of the uncommenced provision or amendment appears only in the last endnote. Modifications If a provision of the republished law is affected by a current modification, the symbol M appears immediately before the provision heading. The text of the modifying provision appears in the endnotes. For the legal status of modifications, see Legislation Act 2001, section 95. Penalties The value of a penalty unit for an offence against this republished law at the republication date is-- (a) if the person charged is an individual--$100; or (b) if the person charged is a corporation--$500. Australian Capital Territory Listening Devices Act 1992 Endnotes Australian Capital Territory Listening Devices Act 1992